Amritsar (), meaning "Pool of the Nectar of Immortality", is the administrative headquarter of the Amritsar District in Punjab, India. The 2001 Indian census reported the population of the city of Amritsar to be over 1,000,000 and that of the entire district to number just over 3,096,077. Amritsar is located in the northwest part of India in the State of Punjab, 32 miles east of Lahore, Pakistan. Amritsar derives from SanskritAmŗta-sarovar = "Lake of Nectar".
It is home to the Harmandir Sahib, also known as the Golden Temple, and is the spiritual and cultural centre of the Sikh Religion. In Maharaja Ranjit Singh's time, Amritsar had superseded Lahore as the pre-eminent city of Punjab. It is also known for the Amritsar Massacre (1919) and Operation Blue Star (1984).
The main commercial activities include tourism, carpets and fabrics, farm produce, handicrafts, service trades and light engineering. Amritsar is also a seat of major educational institutions like Guru Nanak Dev University (Established 1969), Khalsa College, Amritsar (Established 1892), DAV College(Established 1955), Government Medical College, Amritsar (Established 1926). Amritsar is also home to Pingalwara, the home for destitutes, founded by Bhagat Puran Singh.