Gourt > Regional > Europe > Italy > Regions > Puglia > Localities > Bitonto
Bitonto is a city of 56,369 inhabitants in the province of Bari, (Apulia region), Italy. It is nicknamed the "City of Olives".
Geography
Bitonto lies approximately 16 km (10 miles) to the west of the city of Bari, near the coast of the Adriatic Sea. Bitonto is not directly connected to the Italian national railway system. However, it is serviced by an electric rail line operated privately by Ferrotramviaria. Bitonto is 8 km away from the international Karol Wojtyla Airport of Bari.
History
The city was founded by the Peuceti, and its inhabitants referred to by the Greek settlers of the region, as Butontinoi, an ethnonym of uncertain derivationBitonto.net. Its first city wall can be dated to the fifth to fourth centuries BC; traces remain in the foundations of the Norman walling. Similarities of coinage suggest that Bitonto was under the hegemony of Spartan Tarentum, but bearing the numismatic legend BITONTINON. Later, having been a Roman ally in the Samnite Wars, the civitas Butuntinenses became a Roman municipium, preserving its former laws and self-government and venerating its divine protectress, whom the Romans identified by interpretatio romana as Minerva; the site sacred to her is occupied by the Church of San Pietro in Vincoli. As a city of the Late Roman Empire, Bitonto figures in the Liber Colonis of Frontinus, in the Antonine Itinerary and other Imperial itineraries, and the Tabula Peutingeriana, a post where fresh horses were to be had for travellers on the via Traiana for Brundisium.
The foundations of a Paleochristian basilica came to light in excavations beneath the cathedral's crypt, but no written evidence survives of an established diocese in the Early Middle Ages. Though there is no evidence that a Lombard gastaldo had his seat at Bitonto, Lombard customs and law insinuated themselves deeply in local social fabric. During the ninth century, Bitonto successfully withstood a Saracen raid, in which the besiegers' leader was killed beneath the city's wallsBitonto.net Bitonto took part in the revolt of Melus of Bari in 1009.
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