The Principality of Monaco (; Monégasque: Principatu de Múnegu; Occitan: Principat de Mónegue), more commonly known as Monaco, is a constitutional monarchy and city-state in Western Europe, located along the French Riviera, between the Mediterranean Sea and France, a few miles off the French border with Italy. Affluent Monaco is one of the five European microstates.

Monaco is the most densely populated country in the world and the world's second-smallest independent country with a population of just 32,409 and an area of 1.95 square kilometers (481.9 acres). It has more millionaires per capita than any other country.

History