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Human rights refers to the concept of human beings as having universal rights, or status, regardless of legal jurisdiction or other localizing factors, such as ethnicity and nationality. As is evident in the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights, human rights, at least in the post-war period, are conceptualized as based on inherent human dignity, retaining their universal and inalienable character.

The existence, validity and the content of human rights continue to be the subject to debate in philosophy and political science. Legally, human rights are defined in international law and covenants, and further, in the domestic laws of many states. However, for many people the doctrine of human rights goes beyond law and forms a fundamental moral basis for regulating the contemporary geo-political order. For them, they are democratic ideals.

Legislation


International legislation

Main article: International human rights instruments
Where it has been adopted, human rights legislation commonly contains:
  • security rights that protect people against crimes such as murder, massacre, torture and rape
  • liberty rights that protect freedoms in areas such as belief and religion, association, assembling and movement
  • political rights that protect the liberty to participate in politics by expressing themselves, protesting, voting and serving in public office
  • due process rights that protect against abuses of the legal system such as imprisonment without trial, secret trials and excessive punishments
  • equality rights that guarantee equal citizenship, equality before the law and nondiscrimination
  • welfare rights (also known as economic or social rights) that require the provision of education and protections against severe poverty and starvation
  • group rights that provide protection for groups against ethnic genocide and for the ownership by countries of their national territories and resources

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Religious and Sectarian Conflict :: Society and Culture
Human Rights and Liberties :: Issues

 
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British Irish Rights Watch - Independent human rights watch organisation. Contains case studies and archives, and details services provided to both lawyers and individuals. Includes detailed reports on the murders of Rosemary Nelson, Billy Wright and Patrick Finucane.
Meta Description: [ British Irish RIGHTS WATCH is an independent non-governmental organisation that has been monitoring the human rights dimension of the conflict, and latterly the peace process, in Northern Ireland since 1990. Our services are available free of charge to anyone whose human rights have been vi... ]

Committee on the Administration of Justice - Human rights and civil liberties organisation with news, activities, reports and contacts.
Meta Description: [ The Committee seeks to secure the highest standards in the administration of justice in Northern Ireland by ensuring that the government complies with its responsibilities in international human rights law. ]

Human Rights Unit of the Civil Service - A unit within the Office of the First Minister and his Deputy. Contains news, legal data and information on training provided.

Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission - Statutory body established in terms of the Northern Ireland Act, in compliance with the Good Friday Agreement. Includes press releases, reports, speeches and information about relevant legislation.
Meta Description: [ NIHRC - The Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission ]

Northern Ireland Human Rights Consortium - Established in 2000 to encourage widespread community participation in the consultation process on the proposed Bill of Rights for Northern Ireland. Includes events, lobbying information and FAQ.
Meta Description: [ A consortium of over 100 organisations set up to campaign for a strong and inclusive bill of rights in Northern Ireland. ]

The Equality Commission for Northern Ireland - Information about equality legislation, plus reports and news releases.
Meta Description: [ The Equality Commission is the body responsible for combating discrimination and promoting equality in Northern Ireland. ]

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