A Prime Minister is the most senior minister of a cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system. They are usually, but need not always be, a politician. In many systems the Prime Minister selects and can dismiss other members of the cabinet, and allocates posts to members within the Government. In most systems they are the presiding member and chairperson of the cabinet. In a minority of systems, notably in semi-presidential system of government, a prime minister is the official who is appointed to manage the civil service and execute the directives of the President.
In parliamentary systems like the Westminster system, the prime minister is the presiding head of the government while the position of head of state (the King, Queen, President, or Governor-General facto), who may officially be the head of the executive, is largely ceremonial. The Prime Minister is often, but not always, a member of parliament and is expected with other ministers to ensure the passage of bills through the legislature. In some monarchies the prime minister also exercises executive powers (known as the Royal Prerogative) which are constitutionally vested in the Crown and can be exercised without the approval of parliament.
As well as being Head of Government, a prime minister may have other roles or titles—the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, for example, is also First Lord of the Treasury.Contrary to popular perception the two posts are separate and need not be held by the one person. The last prime minister not to be First Lord of the Treasury was Lord Salisbury at the turn of the 20th century. 10 Downing Street is actually the First Lord's residence, not the Prime Minister's. As Salisbury was not First Lord he had to live elsewhere as prime minister. Prime ministers may take other ministerial posts—for example during the Second World War Winston Churchill was also Minister of Defence (although there was then no Ministry of Defence).
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Prime Ministers :: Spartacus Educational

10 Downing Street: Prime Ministers in History - Official UK government site provides profiles of all prime ministers since Robert Walpole in 1721, including portraits from the Government Art Collection.
Meta Description: [ There have been 51 British Prime Ministers since Robert Walpole first held the office in 1721. These figures include some of the most influential and interesting figures in British history. Here you will find a biography and interesting facts about each Prime Minister from Walpole to Tony Blair... ]
Archontology: British Prime Ministers: 1730-2004 - Biographies extracted from Dermot Englefield, Janet Seaton and Isobel White, Facts About the British Prime Ministers: A Compilation of Biographical and Historical Information (1995). Each has a portrait or photograph.
Britannia.com: Britain's Prime Ministers - Short biographies on every British Prime Minister from Walpole (1721) through the present.
Meta Description: [ A Guide to the British government. Includes articles and links. ]
Spartacus Educational: Prime Ministers 1715-1990 - Offers biographies of British Prime Ministers from Robert Walpole to Margaret Thatcher.
Meta Description: [ Prime Ministers ]
The Hewett School: British Prime Ministers - A list of Prime Ministers from 1721 to today; includes some biographies.
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