A tax (also known as a "duty") is a financial charge or other levy imposed on an individual or a legal entity by a state or a functional equivalent of a state (e.g. tribes, secessionist movements or revolutionary movements). Taxes could also be imposed by a subnational entity.
Taxes may be part of a direct tax or indirect tax, and may be paid in money or as corvée labor. In modern, capitalist taxation systems, taxes are levied in money, but in-kind and corvée taxation are characteristic of traditional or pre-capitalist states and their functional equivalents.
Taxes are usually collected by a governmental agency such as the Internal Revenue Service in the United States. When taxes are not paid to a government's satisfaction, penalties such as fines, forfeiture, and imprisonment are carried out against the non-paying entity or individual. These penalties are also typically carried out by a governmental agency, such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation in the US. In most modern industrialized countries, when an individual fails to pay his government the taxes that that government demands of him, it will ultimately result in his imprisonment at the hands of the state.
More on [ Tax ]
Taxation :: History
Taxation :: Economic

An introduction to the tax system - BBC News Online's introduction to the tax system.
Meta Description: [ A large chunk of your earnings disappears in tax, BBC News offers an introduction to the tax system. ]
An introduction to VAT - An introduction to the tax from the BBC.
Meta Description: [ Value Added Tax (VAT) is levied on most business transactions and on many goods and some services. ]
Are Gasoline Taxes in Britain Too High? - An article from the American magazine Challenge analysing the case for high petrol duties.
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Goodbye, Inland Revenue - An article in the New Statesman predicting that the Internet will open up ways to make tax redundant.
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Kill the licence fee - An article in the left leaning New Statesman arguing that the BBC is financed by a poll tax which turns the poor into criminals and stultifies the intellectual and creative life of the nation.
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We should soak the landowners - An article in the New Statesman arguing that the tax system should concentrate on taxing landowners.
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