] Veganism is a philosophy and lifestyle that avoids using animals and animal products for food, clothing and other purposes. In practice, a vegan (an adherent to veganism) commits to the abstention from consumption or use of all animal products, including meat, fish, poultry, honey, eggs and dairy products, as well as articles made of fur, wool, bone, leather, feathers, pearls, mother of pearl, coral, and other materials of animal origin. Many vegans also avoid products that have been tested on animals. People who avoid eating all animal products, but who otherwise use animal by-products (for example, leather shoes) are commonly referred to as dietary vegans.

People become vegans for a variety of reasons, including ethical concerns such as animal rights and the environment, as well as more personal reasons such as health benefits http://www.eatright.org/cps/rde/xchg/ada/hs.xsl/advocacy_933_ENU_HTML.htm and spiritual or religious concerns. A Time/CNN poll published in Time Magazine on July 7, 2002, found that 4% of American adults consider themselves vegetarians, and 5% of self-described vegetarians consider themselves vegans. This suggests that 0.2% of American adults are vegans.

In 2002, the UK Food Standards Agency reported that 5% of respondants self-identified as vegetarian or vegan. Of that 5%, approximately 10% ate white meat, nearly half ate fish and 95% ate dairy. Based on these figures, vegans are approximately 0.25% or less of the UK population. http://www.food.gov.uk/science/101717/ndnsdocuments/.

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BBC News | UK | World Edition

Pressure for windfall tax mounts
Sat, 06 Sep 2008 11:18:57 -0000
The TUC renews its demands for windfall tax on energy company profits, as pressure mounts on the government to help the poor.
North England hit by flash floods
Sat, 06 Sep 2008 13:27:35 -0000
People in north east England and southern Scotland are preparing for possible flash floods after a teenage girl was killed in Wales.
Mansion fire man's mother's shock
Sat, 06 Sep 2008 10:22:08 -0000
The mother of a man thought to have killed his family and torched his mansion before killing himself tells of her shock.
Credit crunch 'to last into 2010'
Sat, 06 Sep 2008 08:21:55 -0000
The credit crunch is likely to last another 18 months, the head of the UK's largest mortgage provider warns.
Alert as bomb note found on plane
Sat, 06 Sep 2008 14:20:52 -0000
A security alert is sparked in Dublin airport after a bomb warning is found scrawled on a paper towel in a plane toilet.
Financial abuse of elderly 'huge'
Sat, 06 Sep 2008 06:59:17 -0000
Thousands of elderly people are having their life savings, possessions and homes stolen by family members, a charity says.

The Economist: Britain

Titian in Britain: Exit, unfunded?
Thu, 04 Sep 2008 12:30:35 -0000
The fate of two Old Masters reveals the strengths and weaknesses of the laws governing the sale of artPAINTING, said Ambrose Bierce, is “the art of protecting flat surfaces from the weather and exposing them to the critic”. In Titian’s case, the critics have purred with enthusiasm. Lucian Freud hailed the two paintings offered for sale by the Duke of Sutherland, Diana and Actaeon and Diana and Callisto, as “simply the most beautiful pictures in the world”. And the Bridgewater Collection to which they belong is widely regarded as the world’s most important private collection of Old Masters.Yet keeping the paintings in the country will be a struggle. Although the duke is offering the Titians for much less than their market price, the National Galleries in England and Scotland still have to find GBP100m—almost five times the highest amount ever raised to keep art in Britain. And Britain’s notoriously liberal art-export laws do not provide much of a safety net. Between 1995 and 2005, 211 works of art totalling GBP274m in value were judged pre-eminent and worth keeping; yet money could be raised to hang on to only GBP105m-worth of them. ...
Faiths and schools: Religious rights and wrongs
Thu, 04 Sep 2008 12:30:35 -0000
A campaign to loosen the grip of the godly on state educationIN BRITAIN, a largely secular country where churches retain their historic role in education, there is little agreement about the place of religion in schools. Some fret that schools for children of a particular faith foster segregation; others cite parents’ right to educate their offspring as they see fit, adding that religious schools outperform secular ones (though opponents say that is because richer children go to them). Such rows tend to entrench attitudes, rather than lead to resolution.Now campaigners, both godly and godless, are trying to change that. September 1st saw the launch of Accord, a coalition of Christians, Jews, humanists, secularists and teachers who hope to sidestep fruitless rows about whether religions should run schools and instead get them to do it more fairly. They take issue with schools favouring children of their own faith in admissions: “Churches should be championing social justice and equality for all in education, not privileging their own,” says the Rev Christopher Rowland of Accord. And they want to stop schools reserving jobs for co-religionists and those who follow church teachings in their private lives. ...
The City of London: Defying augury
Thu, 04 Sep 2008 12:30:35 -0000
Can the stock exchange and the City see off the competition?AS THE British economy heads straight for the doldrums, the City is struggling too. Recent moves by the London Stock Exchange designed to see off encroaching rivals may cost the LSE custom rather than increase it. And even if the 300-year-old market can change its ways, the financial centre it buttresses may well be shaky. The signs are not good.This week the LSE slashed its trading fees to match those of electronic trading platforms (known as MTFs), and said it would allow ultra-fast computerised traders to put their machines close to the LSE’s own computers. This will save the increasingly important program traders precious nanoseconds between sending an order and executing the trade. In July the stock exchange struck a deal with Lehman Brothers, an investment bank, to form Baikal, a so-called “dark pool” that allows high-volume trades to be executed bit-by-bit off-exchange and out of the public eye—that is, in competition with the LSE itself. The LSE still has a near-monopoly in listing stocks and providing price data, but increasing volumes are being traded on electronic platforms. Chi-X, launched last year, already has 15% of London’s share-trading volume. Other rivals are queuing up. ...
The economy: Home's where the hurt is
Thu, 04 Sep 2008 12:30:35 -0000
There have been far worse times for the economy but few for a chancellorIT WAS, perhaps, frustration at his own helplessness that prompted Alistair Darling’s dire prognosis. The chancellor of the exchequer told the Guardian, in an interview reported on August 30th, that economic times were “arguably the worst they’ve been in 60 years”. His remarks raised fears of a harder economic landing for Britain than predicted and helped push sterling to new lows against the euro. His slip may have had more to do with his own anxieties (see article) than with the fate of the economy.Only the terminally gloomy expect a downturn to match the deep recession of the early 1990s, or a repeat of the grim 1970s. Yet Mr Darling had a point, even if he made it clumsily. It is rare to be hit by so many problems in such a short space of time. A spike in the cost of oil and food has poked a big hole in consumers’ pockets, leaving less money for other spending. Meanwhile the banking crisis has cut the supply of credit, hastening a collapse in the housing market. ...
The army in Afghanistan: Dam difficult
Thu, 04 Sep 2008 12:30:35 -0000
Britain scores a military success. But it will take much more to beat the TalibanTHE earthen wall holding back the turquoise lake at Kajaki has stood as a rebuke to British forces for more than two years. Work on refurbishing its hydroelectric power station all but stopped when British and other NATO troops arrived in southern Afghanistan in 2006, reigniting the war with the Taliban.More than two seasons of inconclusive fighting, and the death of more than 100 British soldiers, have failed to secure southern Afghanistan. If anything, the Taliban have become bolder, staging more ambitious attacks and extending the insurgency to the gates of Kabul. As the Americans have reinforced understrength British forces in Helmand, relations between the allies have become tetchy. The Afghan government, too, has been critical of Western troops for killing Afghan civilians. ...
Gordon Brown's Scotland: Backyard blues
Thu, 04 Sep 2008 12:30:35 -0000
The prime minister’s native land is no longer his redoubtNOT only is Gordon Brown leading a country the OECD claims is about to enter recession; he also flew north on September 4th to find the part of it he calls home in revolt. Chief among the prime minister’s difficulties in Scotland is a resurgent Scottish National Party (SNP), which is expected to win a parliamentary by-election in the Labour-held seat of Glenrothes. The contest, which was prompted by the death of Labour MP John MacDougall in August, is unlikely to take place before late October. The SNP holds the equivalent seat in the Scottish Parliament and needs a 14.5% swing, less than the 22% it secured when it snagged Glasgow East from Labour in a by-election in July, in order to send an MP to Westminster. ...

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