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The Economist: Middle East and Africa

Uganda:
Thu, 14 Aug 2008 11:49:44 -0000
Since peace talks with Uganda’s rebels collapsed, some say war must resume IN MARCH, after nearly two years of on-and-off peace talks, negotiators for Uganda’s Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) announced that their leader, Joseph Kony, an elusive self-styled mystic, was at last ready to emerge from the bush and sign a deal to end one of Africa’s longest wars. For two decades, the conflict had brought misery to a region bordering several countries (see map), left tens of thousands of people in northern Uganda dead, and displaced nearly 2m others. Earlier this year, the date for signing a peace deal approached. But at the last minute Mr Kony called off the event and sacked his negotiators. Now there is a danger the war may resume.It is yet another humiliating setback for those who have advocated talking to a man wanted for war crimes by the International Criminal Court at The Hague. So those who have always argued for taking a tougher stand against the LRA, such as Uganda’s senior soldiers, have the upper hand again. At the end of June, citing the lack of progress towards a peace deal, the leaders of Uganda, Congo and the autonomous region of south Sudan agreed for the first time to co-ordinate military efforts to stamp out the rebellion once and for all. ...
Syria:
Thu, 14 Aug 2008 11:49:44 -0000
A recent assassination makes Syrian politics look as mysterious as everTHOSE who speak do not know and those who know do not speak. That classic adage of how information flows in a dictatorship has always fitted Syria rather well. But the fog in the Syrian capital, Damascus, has rarely been thicker than now. Take the mysterious death of a top general, Muhammad Suleiman, at a seaside resort earlier this month. Was he shot by a lone sniper from a passing yacht, as first alleged, or killed at closer range, perhaps even by a masked hit squad? Was he targeted because he had fallen out with Syria’s president, Bashar Assad, or because he had angered Israel by funnelling Iranian and Syrian arms to Hizbullah, the Lebanese Shia guerrilla group with which the Israelis fought a messy war in 2006? Or was he killed in revenge for his role in other assassinations, such as the lorry-bomb killing of the Lebanese leader, Rafik Hariri, in 2005, or, contrarily, in the death of Hizbullah’s elusive tactical mastermind, Imad Mughniyeh, whose car blew up last February inside a compound housing Syrian intelligence operatives? ...
Zimbabwe:
Thu, 14 Aug 2008 11:49:44 -0000
Negotiations to resolve the country’s crisis are proving as sticky as expectedAFTER shaking hands in front of the cameras on July 21st, President Robert Mugabe and Zimbabwe’s main opposition leader, Morgan Tsvangirai, seem barely closer to resolving their differences than they were three weeks ago, when discussions over power-sharing began. Together with Arthur Mutambara, who leads a small opposition group that split off from Mr Tsvangirai’s Movement for Democratic Change (MDC), they have been locked in secretive negotiations under the eye of South Africa’s president, Thabo Mbeki, mandated by the region’s leaders to mediate such talks. But so far Mr Tsvangirai has refused to accept a deal that could leave Mr Mugabe still wielding most of the power. Mr Mbeki, often accused of being too soft on Mr Mugabe, is particularly keen to clinch a deal before the 14-country Southern African Development Community (SADC), the region’s main club, meets in Johannesburg on August 16th. But as The Economist went to press, Mr Mbeki looked unlikely to succeed in time. ...
Iraq:
Thu, 14 Aug 2008 11:49:44 -0000
The country is awash with oil money but still lacks a proper planIN THE second quarter of the year, an American military auditor recently reported, Iraq’s oil production averaged over 2.4m barrels a day, the highest level since America invaded Iraq in 2003, and a marked improvement on last year’s average of around 2m b/d (see chart). Rising output, along with the high (if now falling) price of oil, should pump up Iraq’s oil revenues to almost $80 billion this year. That, in turn, has allowed the country’s parliament to boost this year’s budget from $48 billion to $70 billion in a supplementary spending bill approved earlier this month. As security improves, the government has a lot more cash to spend than it did a year ago. Will it make the best of it?For one thing, revenue from oil should go up more sharply still. Iraq produced 3m b/d as recently as October 2001, despite the crippling UN-enforced sanctions at the time. Iraq’s oil minister, Hussein al-Shahristani, has spoken of raising output to 6m b/d. In theory, that is possible. Iraq’s proven reserves, of 115 billion barrels, are the world’s third-largest after Saudi Arabia and Iran. Yet Iraq ranks just 13th in terms of production, suggesting there is plenty of scope to pump more. Russia, for example, produced almost 10m b/d last year from reserves of 80 billion barrels. Only 27 of the 80 or so fields that have been discovered in Iraq have ever been tapped. ...
Israel:
Thu, 14 Aug 2008 11:49:44 -0000
The issue of Jerusalem’s holiest site may again be dividing JewsTHE lead singer, with yarmulke, beard and guitar, appears with a sheep on the cover of the latest record by Lechatchila, a religious-rock group popular among Orthodox young Israelis. “Don’t stare at me,” the lyrics go. “The Temple is sure to be rebuilt right now. We’ve got to prepare, to believe, to make the redemption happen.”For two millennia, ever since the Temple in Jerusalem was destroyed by the Romans, Jews have continued to study, write and indeed sing about the intricate rituals of service and sacrifice, in the belief that one day the Messiah would come and the Temple would be rebuilt. Meanwhile, the faithful were forbidden even to walk on the Holy Mount, let alone worship there. ...
Mauritania:
Thu, 14 Aug 2008 11:49:44 -0000
Africa’s reaction to the continent’s latest coup is being carefully watchedAFTER a decent election last year, Mauritania was held up as a fine new democracy for Africa. Alas, no more. The latest military putsch, on August 6th, put failed and successful coups in the last three decades into double figures and prompted a flood of international criticism, including suspension of aid and of membership of the African Union (AU). But will such remonstrations make a jot of difference?The hopeful part of the story goes back to 2005, when soldiers including Colonel Muhammad Ould Abdelaziz overthrew Maaouya Ould Taya, a nasty dictator who had been in power for two decades. For once, the soldiers kept their promise to organise fair elections. But Colonel Abdelaziz stayed close to the centre of power, first by persuading Sidi Muhammad Ould Cheikh Abdallahi to compete in the presidential election of 2007, which he won, and then by serving as the head of his presidential guard. ...

L.A. Times - Middle East

Pakistan government faces big challenges after Pervez Musharraf
Tue, 19 Aug 2008 00:00:00 -0700
His departure also opens the door to a potentially debilitating power struggle. The resignation of President Pervez Musharraf will force Pakistan's untested new civilian government to confront a dizzying array of problems, chief among them an intensifying battle against Islamic insurgents in the nation's long-lawless tribal areas.
McCain says he's prepared to be president and Obama isn't
Tue, 19 Aug 2008 00:00:00 -0700
McCain tells a veterans group that Obama could jeopardize U.S. troop gains in Iraq. A spokesman for Obama calls the remarks 'bluster, distortions and negative attacks.' John McCain aggressively challenged Barack Obama's readiness to be president and understanding of military affairs Monday, telling a national veterans convention that the gains of America's troops in Iraq would be at risk if the Democratic candidate became president.
U.S. counter-terrorism officials express relief over Musharraf exit
Tue, 19 Aug 2008 00:00:00 -0700
Even at the height of his powers, he had produced uneven results in battling Al Qaeda and the Taliban. Whether it was the hunt for Osama bin Laden or secret airstrikes on Taliban forces in the badlands of Pakistan's border with Afghanistan, much of the Bush administration's war on terrorism has hinged on its relationship with general-turned-president Pervez Musharraf.
Pakistan's Musharraf, ever the soldier, loses this battle
Tue, 19 Aug 2008 00:00:00 -0700
Former Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf clung to the military milieu he had mastered, even after relinquishing his army role. Pervez Musharraf always considered himself first and foremost a soldier, a onetime commando who believed he could shoot his way out of almost any fight.
'Wide Angle: Iraqi Exodus'
Tue, 19 Aug 2008 00:00:00 -0700
The PBS show examines the plight of more than 2 million Iraqis who fled their homeland. "Wide Angle," the documentary series on PBS, checks in today with "Iraqi Exodus," a first-rate look at one of the lesser-recognized problems associated with the war in Iraq: the flight of more than 2 million Iraqis from their homeland.
Scientists elaborate on the case against Bruce Ivins
Tue, 19 Aug 2008 00:00:00 -0700
One revelation is that, contrary to what some officials had claimed, the mailed anthrax had not been 'weaponized.' Scientists behind the case against Bruce E. Ivins, who federal officials allege was solely responsible for the deadly anthrax mailings of 2001, publicly described their work for the first time Monday and said the spores had originated from a flask linked by investigators to the deceased Army scientist.

NPR Topics: Middle East

Musharraf Resigns Amidst Growing Outcry
Mon, 18 Aug 2008 16:20:00 -0400
Pervez Musharraf has resigned as Pakistan's president under threat of impeachment. It may be the final act in a long confrontation between Musharraf and the political opposition that has accused him of illegally seizing power and mishandling the country's economy. Shuja Nawaz, a Pakistani journalist and author, explains issues facing that nation's government.
Middle East Diplomacy, Shrinking U.S. Involvement
Wed, 06 Aug 2008 10:41:00 -0400
Complex diplomatic negotiations are taking place in the volatile region. With the U.S. taking a back seat in the talks, smaller countries such as Egypt and Syria are stepping up and taking leading roles.
Middle-Eastern Perspectives On The U.S. Election
Tue, 05 Aug 2008 14:34:00 -0400
Rami Khouri, editor for the Daily Star, discusses the political challenges in Lebanon and describes the different ways people in the Middle East view the U.S. presidential election. Khouri directs the Fares Institute of Public Policy and International Affairs at the American University of Beirut.
Training Afghan Forces Is Mission Critical For U.S.
Sun, 03 Aug 2008 09:21:00 -0400
Training Afghan security forces is seen as a critical component of stabilizing the country. NPR's Jackie Northam is embedded with U.S. Special Forces in Afghanistan, and she talks with host Liane Hansen about efforts to get the new Afghan army battle-ready.
Palestinian Rivals Accused Of Human Rights Abuses
Thu, 31 Jul 2008 15:54:00 -0400
Human Rights groups say the two main Palestinian factions, Hamas and Fatah, have been illegally arresting, torturing and even killing each other's members.
U.S. Civilians Recruited To Help Troubled Nations
Thu, 31 Jul 2008 15:49:00 -0400
The State Department hopes patriotism will compel American civilians to leave their comfortable lives in the U.S. for far-flung locales and potentially dangerous work: saving states the U.S. classifies as "failing." Critics say the program will be seen as nation building.

UN News Centre - Middle East

UN's work in Iraq best tribute to colleagues killed five years ago, says top official
Tue, 19 Aug 2008 00:00:00 -0500
As the United Nations today remembers the colleagues killed and injured in the attack on its headquarters in Baghdad in 2003, the world body's top political official said there is no better tribute to the fallen than continuing the vital work they began in Iraq.
Composer honours victims of bombing at UN headquarters in Baghdad
Mon, 18 Aug 2008 00:00:00 -0500
The writer of a classical work composed in honour of the United Nations staff members killed in the 2003 Baghdad bombing said the music is a gift to the UN family as officials, including Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, prepare to commemorate the fifth anniversary of the attack.
Two years on from war in Lebanon, progress on cluster munitions - UN agency
Thu, 14 Aug 2008 00:00:00 -0500
Two years after the end of fighting in Lebanon between Hizbollah and the Israeli Defence Forces (IDF), the threat of cluster munitions has been reduced but not eliminated in the south of the country, according to a United Nations agency in charge of clearing mines from the area.
Ban welcomes outcome of Lebanon-Syria talks
Thu, 14 Aug 2008 00:00:00 -0500
Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon today welcomed the results of the summit between Lebanese President Michel Suleiman and Syrian President Bashar al-Assad which was held in Damascus.
Landmark cooperation deal signed between UN and Iraqi Government
Wed, 13 Aug 2008 00:00:00 -0500
The United Nations today signed a landmark agreement with the Government of Iraq which lays down a three-year blueprint for the world body's work in reconstruction, development and humanitarian assistance.
Security Council, Ban deplore deadly bombing in northern Lebanon
Wed, 13 Aug 2008 00:00:00 -0500
Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon and the Security Council today condemned this morning's bombing in the northern Lebanese city of Tripoli, voicing hope that it will not impede recent political progress in the Middle Eastern nation.

NYT > Middle East

Kurdish Control of Kirkuk Creates a Powder Keg in Iraq
Tue, 19 Aug 2008 08:17:54 -0000
The explosive ethnic quarrels over the oil-rich city is a major barrier to creating stable political structures in Iraq.
Iran Offers to Launch Satellites
Tue, 19 Aug 2008 04:49:20 -0000
Iran is prepared to help Muslim countries launch satellites, an Iranian official said Monday, a day after Iran declared that it had test-fired a new rocket capable of carrying a satellite into orbit.
World Briefing | Middle East: Israel: Prisoners to Be Released
Tue, 19 Aug 2008 05:35:26 -0000
Israel said that it would free two prominent Palestinian prisoners among 199 inmates to be released as a good-will gesture to Mahmoud Abbas, the Palestinian president.
Suicide Bomber Kills 15 at a Sunni Mosque in Baghdad
Tue, 19 Aug 2008 06:22:58 -0000
Police and witnesses said the blast in front of Baghdad’s famous Abu Hanifa mosque in the Adhamiya district killed 15 people and wounded 29 others.
Baghdad Bureau: The More Things Change . . .
Tue, 19 Aug 2008 08:26:30 -0000
As the oil-rich city of Kirkuk remains at the center of a storm of ethnic rivalries, we look back at past coverage of the sectarian conflicts and oil politics in the region.
Truck Bomber Kills 9 as Shiite Pilgrims Travel Through Northern Iraq
Sat, 16 Aug 2008 04:47:52 -0000
A pickup truck exploded near the central bus station at Balad, a largely Shiite town in the overwhelmingly Sunni province of Salahuddin.

 
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