A similar form of parliamentary obstruction practised in the United States and other countries is called "slow walking". It specifically refers to the extremely slow speed with which legislators walk to the podium to cast their ballots. For example, in Japan this tactic is known as a "cow walk". In general it refers to the intentional delay of the normal business of the legislature *.

Committee for Justice - The Committee for Justice is a non-profit corporation with a mission to defend President Bush's judicial nominees by seeking to break the Senate filibuster of judicial nominees and vindicate what it sees as the President's responsibilities under the Constitution.
Meta Description: [ Committee for Justice - Promoting Constitutionalist Judicial Nominees ]
People For the American Way: Independent Judiciary - PFAW founder and Hollywood producer Norman Lear says that PFAW will do whatever it can, including support for judicial filibusters, to oppose what it sees as the radical right's manipulation of anxiety and alienation for political gain.
Meta Description: [ People For the American Way (PFAW) and People For the American Way Foundation (PFAWF) work to protect the heart of democracy and the soul of the nation. In Congress and state capitals, in classrooms and in libraries, in courthouses and houses of worship, on the airwaves and on the printed page, ... ]
Government: Majority Rule - Jefferson's political philosophy in his own words. Contains the founding principles of American self-government.
Meta Description: [ Jefferson's political philosophy in his own words. Contains the founding principles of American self-government. ]
American Center for Law and Justice: Judicial Nominees - The ACLJ opposes filibusters of judicial nominees, and presents in-depth information about those filibusters.
American Thinker: Judicial nominee filibusters and Senate rules - Contends that endless filibusters of nominees violate US Senate Rule 31. The historical role of simple-majority advice and consent is also discussed, in relation to checks and balances.
Associated Press: Bush Sends Senate 20 Judicial Nominees - The president renominates people who were not confirmed during his first term. Twelve of the nominees are for appeals courts, and seven of those twelve had been filibustered.
Briefing on Filibuster and Cloture - Background information about filibusters and cloture from the U.S. Senate Historian.
Meta Description: [ 5 Briefing on Filibuster and Cloture ]
CBN News: Stemming the Tide of Judicial Activism - Republican leadership in the U.S. Senate is thinking about changing the rules on how filibusters are conducted. Interview with C. Boyden Gray, former White House counsel to George H.W. Bush.
Meta Description: [ News Channel, Despite the Republican victories in the election, the battle over President Bush's judicial nominees is far from over in the Senate. Republican leadership in the Senate is thinking about changing the rules on how filibusters are conducted in the senate. And democrats may fight back ... ]
CNS News: Owen Re-nomination Passes Senate Judiciary Committee - Article describes attempts to conduct a filibuster within the US Senate Judiciary Committee.
Confirm Them - Provides news and analysis of the judicial confirmation battles in the United States Senate, including weblog. Aims to give every American the opportunity to be heard in Washington.
Meta Description: [ Whats on my site ]
Confirmation Watch - Latest news in Senate Judiciary Committee Hearings, and a list of judicial nominees yet to be confirmed by the US Senate, from the Center for Individual Freedom.
Meta Description: [ Latest news in Senate Judiciary Committee Hearings and a list of judicial nominees yet to be confirmed by the Senate ]
Encyclopedia Entry for Filibuster - Entry for filibuster in the Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition.
Meta Description: [ filibuster. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 ]
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Etymology of Filibuster - Learn about the origin and definition of the word filibuster, using an illustrated approach.
Meta Description: [ The filibuster from piracy to politicians ]
Federalist No 66 - Alexander Hamilton wrote that a majority of the Senate would be likely to form its opinion about nominees solely based upon merit. Filibusters, however, may allow a minority instead of a majority to defeat nominees.
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Filibuster Derails Supreme Court Appointment - LBJ nominated Abe Fortas for Chief Justice, but failed to win a majority of the full Senate. Republican Leader Dirksen called for further debate, but Fortas withdrew ostensibly to stop attacks on the Court. Earl Warren therefore stayed on.
Meta Description: [ Filibuster Derails Supreme Court Appointment -- October 1, 1968 ]
FindLaw's Writ: Can the Senate Bind Itself So that Only a Supermajority Can Change Its Rules? - Part II of article by Professor Vikram Amar discussing a so-called nuclear option to end filibusters of judicial nominees in the U.S. Senate.
Meta Description: [ FindLaw for Legal Professionals is a free resource for attorneys that includes online case law, free state codes, free federal codes, free legal forms, and a directory of products and services for lawyers. This online legal Web site also includes a legal career center. ]
FindLaw's Writ: With a Potential Supreme Court Nomination At Stake, Questions of The Filibuster's Constitutionality Linger - Part I of article by Professor Vikram Amar analyzing the ability of the U.S. Senate to change its filibuster rules by a simple majority vote, instead of by the 2/3 vote specified in Senate Rule 22.
Meta Description: [ FindLaw for Legal Professionals is a free resource for attorneys that includes online case law, free state codes, free federal codes, free legal forms, and a directory of products and services for lawyers. This online legal Web site also includes a legal career center. ]
Floyd Riddick on Cloture and Filibusters - Interview with former Senate Parliamentarian Floyd Riddick regarding cloture and filibusters, including discussion of whether the Senate is a continuing body.
Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy: The Constitutional Option - Martin Gold and Dimple Gupta describe ways for a simple majority of Senators to change the text or interpretation of Senate rules, without being stopped by a filibuster.
Independent Judiciary - Information and opinion about the president's judicial nominations from the liberal group Alliance for Justice, which supports Senate filibusters of some judicial nominees.
Meta Description: [ Independent Judiciary: Independent Courts for All Americans ]
Judicial Nominations, Filibusters, and the Constitution - May 6, 2003 U.S. Senate hearing report on filibusters. This is a very large adobe acrobat file.
Judicial Nominations: What's at Stake, the Senate's Role - The National Women's Law Center presents information and arguments in favor of filibustering judicial nominations.
Meta Description: [ The National Women's Law Center's mission is to to protect and advance the progress of women and girls at work, in school, and in virtually every aspect of their lives. ]
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Judicial Selection.org - Site supportive of presidential nominations to the judiciary, and opposed to judicial filibusters. Included are numerous quotations and links to newspaper editorials.
MSNBC: Shock and Awe In the Senate - George Will recommends that Senate Republicans not amend the Senate's filibuster rules, but he also urges President Bush to renominate previously filibustered judicial nominees.
Meta Description: [ The filibuster protects minority rights, enabling government to measure and respect not merely numbers but intensity in political disputes ]
National Public Radio Debate About Filibuster Battle from WBUR in Boston - Democrats launched a political battle against the nomination of a number of federal judges. While some say filibusters are a quintessential feature of democracy at work, others claim that the old stunt has run its course.
Meta Description: [ Five months ago Democrats launched a political war against the nomination of two Supreme Court judges. While some say filibuster is a quintessential feature of democracy at work, others claim that the old stunt has run its course. ]
National Review: Crisis Mode - Senator Orrin G. Hatch presents a fair and constitutional option to beat the filibuster game.
Never Go Back - Supports a Senate filibuster in the event of a pro-life, anti-choice nomination to the U.S. Supreme Court by President Bush. Their site includes a petition to Senate leadership, and photos of celebrities.
Meta Description: [ Million4Roe.com is an online campaign by the Feminist Majority to mobilize support for a Senate filibuster in the event of an anti-choice nomination to the U.S. Supreme Court by President Bush. Sign a petition to pro-choice Senate leadership. Tell your friends about Million4Roe.com and win cool... ]
President Calls for Action on Judicial Nominations - In a letter to Senators Frist and Daschle regarding filibusters, President Bush asked the Senate to take action to ensure timely up or down votes on judicial nominations both now and in the future, no matter who is President or which party controls the Senate.
Meta Description: [ In a letter to Senator Frist and Senator Daschle, President Bush asked the Senate to take action "to ensure timely up or down votes on judicial nominations both now and in the future, no matter who is President or which party controls the Senate." ]
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Robert Novak: Byrd's Nuclear Option - Argument for ending filibusters of judicial nominees by employing a tactic previously used by the Senator from West Virginia, Robert Byrd.
Senate Hearing Regarding Filibusters - Hearing of the U.S. Senate Rules Committee regarding the Senate's filibusters of the president's judicial nominees.
Senate Resolution 138 of the 108th Congress - The text of an amendment to U.S. Senate Rule 22 regarding filibusters of judicial nominees. This amendment, approved by the Senate Rules Committee in June of 2003, would make it much easier to overcome filibusters of judicial nominees.
Senator Specter Comments on the Nomination of Michael Chertoff - Arlen Specter of Pennsylvania explains his position regarding filibusters of judicial nominees, and regarding the nuclear option to change Senate filibuster rules.
Summary of Hearings on Senate Floor Procedures - A joint committee of the U.S. Congress held extensive hearings in 1993 regarding filibusters, cloture, and whether the Senate rules should be changed.
The Case Against the Senate Filibuster - Former Attorney General Elliot Richardson argued that filibusters of legislation should be eliminated.
The Hill: Frist Aims Nuke at the Dems - A statement by US Senate Majority Leader Frist suggests that the rule governing filibusters (Rule 22) did not entirely carry over to the newly elected Senate, and may no longer be in force.
Meta Description: [ The Hill is a non-partisan, non-ideological weekly newspaper covering Congress and its members. ]
The Hill: Frist Backs Rule Change on Judges - Describes various strategies to overcome filibusters of judicial nominees in the U.S. Senate, such as a rule change or extending the legislative day.
Meta Description: [ The Hill is a non-partisan, non-ideological weekly newspaper covering Congress and its members. ]
The Hill: Nominations Should be Decided by Majority - Letter says the Vice President can decide tied cloture votes regarding executive matters like nominations, because Senate rules do not unmistakeably abrogate that power.
The Jellyphants: Invertebrate GOP abandons Miguel Estrada - Senate Republicans are criticized for not standing up to defend Miguel Estrada and his nomination to be a federal appeals court judge.
Meta Description: [ Senate Republicans decline to stand up for Miguel Estrada ]
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The State of the Judiciary in America - Senator Edward Kennedy's Remarks to the American Constitution Society, Georgetown University Law Center on September 25, 2002 discussing filibusters of judicial nominees, and the forthcoming hearing of Miguel Estrada.
The Supreme Court and the Constitution - This essay includes a discussion of, essentially, allowing a minority of three supreme court justices to filibuster any attempt by the other justices to strike down a statute.
U.S. Department of Justice Information About Judicial Nominations - Statistics and documents related to judicial filibusters, including letter signed by every living former solicitor general regarding the filibuster of Miguel Estrada.
U.S. Senate Rule XXII - The famous and controversial Senate Rule 22 lays down rules for ending filibusters by invoking cloture.
US Senate Rule XXXI - Senate Rule 31 governs nominations, and requires that when a nomination is confirmed or rejected by the Senate it must be by majority.
Washington Post: Escalation in the Senate - Editorial regarding the use of filibusters to defeat judicial nominations.
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Washington Times: Abusing the Filibuster - Letter to editor asserting that 3/5 of Senators present should be able to end a filibuster, instead of 3/5 of the full Senate.
When a Majority Is Denied Its Right to Consent - Hearing of Senate Subcommittee on the Constitution regarding filibusters of judicial nominations.
Wikipedia: Filibuster - Free online encyclopedia provides background about filibusters in the U.S. Senate, in Canada and the UK.
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