- align=center bgcolor="#9966FF" | Pyrite | - align=center |
A mass of intergrown, striated pyrite crystals
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Euhedral cubic pyrite crystals
- align=center bgcolor="#9966FF" | General | - | Category | Mineral | - | Chemical formula | iron disulfide (FeS2) | - align="center" bgcolor="#9966FF" | Identification | - | Colour | Pale, dull gold | - | Crystal habit | Cubic, faces may be striated, but also frequently octahedral and pyritohedron. Often inter-grown, massive, radiated, granular, globular and stalactitic. | - | Crystal system | Isometric; bar 3 2/m | - | Melting Point | 1,177-1,188°C * | - | Cleavage | Poor | - | Fracture | Very uneven, sometimes conchoidal | - | Mohs Scale hardness | 6 - 6.5 | - | Luster | Metallic, glistening | - | Refractive index | Opaque | - | Streak | Greenish-black to brownish-black | - | Specific gravity | 4.95 - 5.10 | - | Fusibility | 2.5-3 | - | Solubility | insoluble in water | - | Magnetism | paramagnetic | - |
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The mineral pyrite, or iron pyrite, is iron disulfide, FeS2. It has isometric crystals that usually appear as cubes. The cube faces may be striated (parallel lines on crystal surface or cleavage face) as a result of alternation of the cube and pyritohedron faces. Pyrite also frequently occurs as octahedral crystals and as pyritohedra (a dodecahedron with pentagonal faces). It has a slightly uneven and conchoidal fracture, a hardness of 6–6.5, and a specific gravity of 4.95–5.10. It is brittle, meaning it breaks or powders easily. Its metallic luster and pale-to-normal brass-yellow hue have earned it the nickname fool's gold, but ironically, small quantities of actual gold are sometimes found in pyrite. In fact, such auriferous pyrite is a valuable ore of gold.
Pyrite is the most common of the Sulfide minerals. It is usually found associated with other sulfides or oxides in quartz veins, sedimentary rock and metamorphic rock, as well as in coal beds, and as the replacement mineral in fossils.
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