Botanical gardens grow a wide variety of plants primarily categorized and documented for scientific purposes. Botanists tend the flora and maintain the garden's library and herbarium of dried and documented plant material. Botanical gardens may also serve to entertain and educate the public, upon whom many depend for funding. However, not all botanical gardens are open to the public: for example the Chelsea Physic Garden.
Research
From the late
18th century onward,
European botanical gardens began sending plant-collecting expeditions to various parts of the world and publishing their findings. Voyages of exploration routinely included botanists for this purpose. Subsequent scientific work studied how these exotic plants might be adapted to grow in the garden's locale, how to
classify them, and how to
propagate rare or
endangered species. The
Royal Botanic Gardens in
Kew, near
London, has continuously published journals and more recently catalogues and databases since this time.
Educational work
Educational projects at botanical gardens range from introductions to plants that thrive in different environments to practical advice for the home gardener. Many have plant shops, selling flower, herb, and vegetable seedlings suitable for transplantation. Some gardens such as the
UBC Botanical Garden and Centre for Plant Research and the
Chicago Botanic Garden have plant breeding programs and introduce new plants to the
horticultural trade.
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Botanical Gardens and Arboreta :: Institutions